The Economic Development of the Yemen Arab Republic (RLE Economy of Middle East) by Ragaei el Mallakh

Author:Ragaei el Mallakh [Mallakh, Ragaei el]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Social Science, Regional Studies
ISBN: 9781317598107
Google: -xohBQAAQBAJ
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2014-10-30T05:58:17+00:00

Finally, like most other activities in the agricultural sector, fishing is carried out by traditional methods and almost all the catch is consumed locally. The portion of fish sold beyond the local market is salted and dried. The most abundant finds of seafood are mackerel, tuna, black cobia, large jacks, sharks, barracuda, lobster, and shrimp.

Agricultural Development Policies and the Role of Government

The development paths followed by less-developed countries in the past 20 years have been diverse. Some nations, such as Iran in the 1960s and 1970s, neglected the agricultural sector and concentrated the attention of their development program on industrialization. The rationale of this approach toward development through rapid industrialization has ranged from the argument that more-developed countries have achieved the status because of their industrial sectors, to the argument that external benefits are captured through the process of industrialization (i.e., skills development, linkages between industries, and market expansion through rising industrial incomes). Recent development theory has begun to reemphasize balanced growth and development which recognizes the interdependence of the agricultural and industrial sectors.

In this respect, the agricultural sector represents a market for industrial products, both consumer goods and agricultural inputs, and provides a source of raw materials for industry. For example, the emergence of the processed-food industry is a major step in North Yemen’s industrial development. Rather than enter into the debate between balanced and unbalanced growth, it seems sufficient to note that real economic development cannot take place without a development process which constantly makes reference to all the factors and resource endowments of the country. It is clear that, given the YAR’s resource endowments, the agricultural sector can play a major role in the development of the country. With a rising standard of living that accompanies development and the purchasing power created by remittances from the YAR’s expatriate workers, consumption of foodstuffs will rise, including some of the products considered to be luxuries. Frequently, such foodstuffs are imported. Thus, imports of agricultural products can be expected to increase and can become a major negative element in the balance of trade if such increased imports occur along the broad range of agricultural products—not just specialty or luxury items. Self-sufficiency in basic foodstuffs can thus be a “saver” of foreign exchange and a vital factor in a country’s balance of payments. Table 28 offers some indication of how this economic phenomenon may be applicable to the Yemen Arab Republic in the early part of the 1980s.

The government of North Yemen has developed a framework of medium- and long-term objectives which have been incorporated into development plans. Each of the three plans to date have had specific objectives for the planning period as well as an integrated approach to the achievement of long-term goals of the development process.

From the start of economic planning, agriculture has had a high priority, with attention focused on the development of institutions, infrastructure, and services in that sector. Progress in agricultural development has been slow, primarily due to the low initial level of institutions and

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